Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park: A Snorkeler’s Paradise

(December 21, 2024)

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Key Largo, the northernmost island in the Florida Keys, has long been a destination that captures the imagination of travelers seeking sun, sea, and adventure. Known as the "Diving Capital of the World," Key Largo offers crystal-clear waters, abundant marine life, and some of the best underwater experiences in the United States. But beyond its reputation as a diver’s paradise, Key Largo is also home to lush mangroves, tranquil beaches, and vibrant local culture. The crown jewel of this tropical paradise is John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, the first undersea park in the United States and a must-visit for anyone looking to explore the natural beauty of the Florida Keys.

Our first visit to John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park was an unforgettable experience. As we snorkeled above the coral reefs, surrounded by schools of colorful fish and the gentle sway of sea fans, we knew we had discovered something truly special. Each return trip has deepened our connection to this unique marine sanctuary, and we’re excited to share our insights to help you explore both the underwater wonders and the above-water attractions of Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park.

Above the Water: Exploring the Natural and Cultural Riches of Key Largo

While the underwater attractions of Key Largo are world-famous, there’s plenty to discover above the water as well. From scenic coastal drives to lush mangrove forests, Key Largo offers a wealth of experiences that allow you to immerse yourself in the natural beauty and vibrant culture of the Florida Keys.

Discovering Key Largo: Scenic Drives and Local Culture

Key Largo is more than just a destination for diving and snorkeling—it’s a place where you can slow down, soak up the sun, and experience the laid-back lifestyle of the Florida Keys.

• Overseas Highway: One of the most scenic drives in the United States, the Overseas Highway (U.S. 1) stretches from the mainland of Florida to Key West, passing through Key Largo along the way. As you drive, you’ll be treated to stunning views of the turquoise waters of the Atlantic Ocean and the Gulf of Mexico. Be sure to stop at some of the scenic overlooks and take in the breathtaking views.

• Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park: For those who enjoy exploring on foot, Key Largo Hammock Botanical State Park offers a peaceful retreat into the island’s natural beauty. The park is home to one of the largest tracts of West Indian tropical hardwood hammock in the United States and features several walking trails that wind through lush forests of mahogany, gumbo-limbo, and wild tamarind trees. The park is also a haven for birdwatchers, with a variety of species, including the endangered Key Largo woodrat and the American crocodile, making their home here.

• Local Culture: Key Largo is rich in local culture, with a variety of art galleries, boutique shops, and restaurants offering a taste of the island’s unique character. The Caribbean Club, one of the oldest bars in the Keys, is a great place to relax with a drink and enjoy live music with a view of the sunset. Be sure to visit the Key Largo Art Gallery, which features works by local artists inspired by the natural beauty of the Keys.

John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park: A Gateway to the Underwater World

John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is the centerpiece of Key Largo’s natural attractions and offers a wide range of activities both above and below the water. The park covers approximately 70 nautical square miles and includes mangrove swamps, seagrass beds, and some of the most beautiful coral reefs in the world.

• Mangrove Trails: One of the best ways to explore the park’s mangrove forests is by kayak or canoe. The park offers several paddling trails that wind through the mangroves, providing a unique perspective on this vital ecosystem. As you paddle, you’ll have the opportunity to spot a variety of wildlife, including manatees, ospreys, and herons. The calm, sheltered waters make this a relaxing and enjoyable experience for paddlers of all skill levels.

• Glass-Bottom Boat Tours: For those who prefer to stay dry, a glass-bottom boat tour is a fantastic way to experience the park’s underwater world without getting wet. The park’s glass-bottom boats offer a window into the coral reefs below, allowing you to see colorful fish, coral formations, and even the famous Christ of the Abyss statue, a bronze sculpture that stands in about 25 feet of water. The tours are narrated by knowledgeable guides who provide insights into the marine life and history of the park.

• Beaches and Picnic Areas: John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park also features two small but beautiful beaches—Cannon Beach and Far Beach. Cannon Beach is named for the 17th-century cannons that are submerged just offshore, a remnant of a Spanish shipwreck. It’s a great spot for snorkeling, with plenty to see just a short swim from the shore. Far Beach, on the other hand, offers a more tranquil setting, with shallow, calm waters and plenty of shade from coconut palms. Both beaches have picnic areas, making them perfect for a leisurely day by the water.

Below the Water: Snorkeling and Diving in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park

The true magic of John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park lies beneath the surface of its clear, turquoise waters. The park is home to the only living coral reef in the continental United States, making it a premier destination for snorkeling and diving. Whether you’re a seasoned diver or a first-time snorkeler, the park’s underwater world offers a wealth of experiences that will leave you in awe.

Snorkeling: Discovering the Coral Reefs

Snorkeling in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is an experience like no other. The park’s coral reefs are teeming with life, from vibrant corals and sponges to schools of tropical fish. The clear, warm waters and shallow reefs make it an ideal spot for snorkelers of all levels.

• Molasses Reef: One of the most popular snorkeling sites in the park is Molasses Reef, known for its rich biodiversity and excellent visibility. The reef is home to a wide variety of coral species, including brain coral, staghorn coral, and elkhorn coral, as well as an abundance of marine life, such as parrotfish, angelfish, and sea turtles. The reef’s shallow depth, ranging from 10 to 40 feet, makes it accessible to snorkelers, and the vibrant colors and active marine life make it a must-see.

• Christ of the Abyss: Another iconic snorkeling site in the park is the Christ of the Abyss statue. This 9-foot-tall bronze statue of Christ stands in about 25 feet of water and has become one of the most famous underwater landmarks in the world. Snorkelers can swim around the statue, which is surrounded by coral and often visited by schools of fish. The statue is located near Dry Rocks, a shallow reef that is also great for snorkeling.

• Snorkeling Tips: To make the most of your snorkeling experience in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, we recommend going in the morning when the water is calm and visibility is at its best. Be sure to bring reef-safe sunscreen to protect the coral and marine life, and remember to respect the underwater environment—avoid touching the coral or disturbing the wildlife.

Diving: Exploring the Depths of the Coral Reefs

For those looking to dive deeper into the underwater world, John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park offers some of the best diving opportunities in the Florida Keys. The park’s coral reefs, shipwrecks, and underwater caves provide a diverse and exciting experience for divers of all levels.

• The Benwood Wreck: One of the most famous dive sites in the park is the Benwood Wreck, a World War II-era cargo ship that was sunk in 1942 after colliding with another ship. The wreck now lies in about 25 to 50 feet of water and is home to a variety of marine life, including barracudas, moray eels, and groupers. The ship’s structure is still largely intact, making it a fascinating site to explore. The shallow depth and calm waters make it an ideal dive for beginners and experienced divers alike.

• French Reef: Another popular dive site is French Reef, known for its dramatic swim-throughs, coral formations, and abundant marine life. The reef features a series of caves, tunnels, and overhangs that divers can explore, with plenty of opportunities to see fish, lobsters, and even nurse sharks. The reef’s vibrant coral and clear water make it a photographer’s dream, and the variety of terrain provides something for divers of all skill levels.

• The Spiegel Grove Wreck: For advanced divers, the Spiegel Grove Wreck is a must-see. This 510-foot-long Navy ship was intentionally sunk in 2002 to create an artificial reef, and it now lies in about 130 feet of water. The wreck is one of the largest in the world and offers a challenging but rewarding dive. The ship is home to a wide range of marine life, including goliath groupers, eagle rays, and reef sharks. Due to the depth and currents, this dive is recommended only for experienced divers.

• Diving Tips: When diving in John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, it’s important to dive with a certified operator who is familiar with the local conditions. The park’s dive shops offer guided dives, equipment rentals, and certification courses for those looking to improve their skills. Be sure to check the weather and tide conditions before your dive, as these can affect visibility and currents.

Accommodation: Where to Stay in Key Largo

After a day of exploring the underwater wonders of John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, finding the perfect place to relax and recharge is essential. Key Largo offers a wide range of accommodations, from luxury resorts to charming inns, ensuring there’s something for every traveler.

Luxury Stays

• Playa Largo Resort & Spa: Located on the shores of Florida Bay, Playa Largo Resort & Spa is a luxurious beachfront property that offers stunning views, elegant accommodations, and top-notch amenities. The resort features a private beach, a full-service spa, and multiple dining options, including a seafood restaurant and a beachfront grill. The spacious rooms and suites are beautifully designed, with modern decor and plenty of natural light. Playa Largo is an ideal choice for those looking to indulge in a little luxury while exploring Key Largo.

• Ocean Reef Club: For a more exclusive experience, consider staying at the Ocean Reef Club, a private resort community located at the northern tip of Key Largo. The club offers a range of accommodations, including hotel rooms, condos, and private homes, as well as world-class amenities such as golf courses, a marina, and a spa. The resort’s location provides easy access to the waters of John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, making it a great base for diving and snorkeling adventures.

Mid-Range Options

• The Pelican Key Largo Cottages: For a more laid-back experience, The Pelican Key Largo Cottages offer charming, budget-friendly accommodations with a touch of old Florida charm. The cottages are located on the bay side of Key Largo, just a short drive from John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park. The property features a private beach, free kayaks, and paddleboards, as well as barbecue grills and picnic areas. The cozy cottages are perfect for families or couples looking for a relaxed, homey atmosphere.

• Marina Del Mar Resort & Marina: Another excellent mid-range option is Marina Del Mar Resort & Marina, located in the heart of Key Largo. The resort offers comfortable rooms and suites, many with marina views, as well as a heated outdoor pool, a fitness center, and an on-site restaurant. The resort’s location is perfect for exploring Key Largo’s attractions, and the marina offers easy access to the waters of the Florida Keys.

Budget-Friendly Options

• Key Largo Inn: For budget-conscious travelers, the Key Largo Inn offers simple, affordable accommodations in a convenient location. The inn features an outdoor pool, free breakfast, and comfortable rooms with basic amenities. The Key Largo Inn is just a short drive from John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park, making it a great choice for those looking to explore the park on a budget.

• Gilbert’s Resort: Another budget-friendly option is Gilbert’s Resort, a waterfront property located on the bayside of Key Largo. The resort offers basic rooms and cottages, as well as a lively tiki bar and restaurant with live music and sunset views. Gilbert’s Resort is known for its friendly atmosphere and great value, making it a popular choice for travelers looking for a fun and affordable place to stay.

Dining: Savoring the Flavors of Key Largo

Key Largo’s dining scene is as vibrant and diverse as its marine life, offering everything from fresh seafood to Caribbean-inspired cuisine. Whether you’re in the mood for a casual beachside meal or a fine dining experience, there’s something to satisfy every palate.

Casual Dining

• Mrs. Mac’s Kitchen: A Key Largo institution, Mrs. Mac’s Kitchen has been serving up delicious comfort food for over 40 years. The menu features a mix of seafood, burgers, and Southern-inspired dishes, with favorites like conch chowder, fried shrimp, and key lime pie. The restaurant’s quirky decor and friendly service make it a must-visit for anyone exploring Key Largo.

• The Fish House: For fresh, locally caught seafood, The Fish House is the place to go. This casual restaurant offers a wide variety of seafood dishes, including grilled fish, conch fritters, and lobster tails. The Fish House is known for its generous portions and relaxed atmosphere, making it a great spot to unwind after a day of snorkeling or diving.

• Jimmy Johnson’s Big Chill: Located on the bayside of Key Largo, Jimmy Johnson’s Big Chill offers a fun, laid-back atmosphere with stunning sunset views. The menu features a mix of American and Caribbean-inspired dishes, including fish tacos, jerk chicken, and coconut shrimp. The restaurant’s outdoor seating and live music make it a great place to relax and enjoy the tropical vibe of the Keys.

Refined Dining

• Sol by the Sea: Located at Playa Largo Resort & Spa, Sol by the Sea offers a refined dining experience with a focus on fresh, locally sourced ingredients. The menu features a blend of Caribbean and Mediterranean flavors, with dishes like grilled snapper, seafood paella, and Key West pink shrimp. The restaurant’s waterfront setting and elegant decor make it a great choice for a romantic dinner or special occasion.

• Chef Michael’s: For a true taste of the Keys, head to Chef Michael’s in nearby Islamorada. This upscale restaurant offers a menu inspired by the flavors of the Caribbean, with dishes like hogfish with citrus beurre blanc, yellowtail snapper with mango salsa, and lobster thermidor. The restaurant’s intimate setting and attentive service make it a popular choice for food lovers.

• Marker 88: Located on the bayside of Islamorada, Marker 88 is known for its stunning sunset views and delicious seafood dishes. The menu features a variety of fresh catches, including grouper, mahi-mahi, and swordfish, as well as steaks, salads, and desserts. The restaurant’s outdoor seating and relaxed atmosphere make it a great spot to enjoy a leisurely meal with a view.

Quick and Casual Bites

• Keys Bites: For a quick and tasty meal on the go, Keys Bites is a great option. This local favorite offers a variety of breakfast and lunch options, including breakfast burritos, sandwiches, and salads. The restaurant’s laid-back vibe and friendly service make it a popular spot for locals and visitors alike.

• Key Largo Chocolates & Ice Cream: If you’re in the mood for something sweet, head to Key Largo Chocolates & Ice Cream, a family-owned shop that offers a delicious selection of homemade chocolates, fudge, and ice cream. The shop is known for its creative flavors and friendly atmosphere, making it a great place to indulge your sweet tooth.

• Num Thai Restaurant & Sushi Bar: For something a little different, Num Thai Restaurant & Sushi Bar offers a mix of Thai and Japanese cuisine in a casual setting. The menu features a variety of sushi rolls, curries, and noodle dishes, all made with fresh ingredients and authentic flavors. The restaurant’s relaxed atmosphere and friendly service make it a great spot for a quick and satisfying meal.

Practical Tips: Making the Most of Your Key Largo and John Pennekamp Adventure

Planning a trip to Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park requires some preparation, but the experience is well worth the effort. Here are some practical tips to ensure your visit is as smooth and enjoyable as possible:

1. Book Snorkeling and Diving Tours in Advance: John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is a popular destination, especially during peak travel seasons, so it’s a good idea to book your snorkeling and diving tours in advance. This will ensure you have a spot on the tour and can make the most of your time in the park.

2. Pack for the Tropics: The weather in Key Largo is warm and humid year-round, so be sure to pack light, breathable clothing, plenty of sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses. Don’t forget your snorkeling gear if you have it, though rentals are available at the park.

3. Bring Reef-Safe Sunscreen: Protecting the coral reefs is important, so be sure to use reef-safe sunscreen when swimming or snorkeling. This helps minimize your impact on the marine environment and keeps the water clear and healthy for marine life.

4. Stay Hydrated: The Florida sun can be intense, especially if you’re spending a lot of time outdoors. Make sure to drink plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated.

5. Respect the Environment: John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is a protected area, so be sure to respect the local wildlife and natural surroundings by staying on designated paths, not touching the coral, and picking up after yourself. Leave the park as you found it, so it can be enjoyed by future visitors.

 Embracing the Beauty of Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park

Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park offer a perfect blend of adventure and relaxation, providing a rich and varied experience that will leave you with lasting memories. Whether you’re exploring the vibrant coral reefs, paddling through mangrove forests, or simply soaking in the beauty of the Florida Keys, there’s a world of adventure waiting for you both above and below the water.

As you explore these incredible destinations, remember to do so with care and respect for the environment. By being mindful of your impact and supporting local conservation efforts, you can help ensure that Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park remain pristine and vibrant destinations for years to come. Your adventure awaits—dive in and discover the magic of Key Largo and John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park!